It is not enough to summarise the research literature. You need to show you understand the relevance and significance of the different publications, and how they relate to each other. Review articles contain neither a materials and methods section nor an abstract. RESEARCHING A TOPIC Organizing the Paper: WHAT IS A REVIEW PAPER? Click here for advice on doing research on your topic. Trends in Ecology & Evolution Annual Review of Physiology The emphasis of a review paper is interpreting the primary literature on the subject. You need to read several original research articles on the same topic and make your own conclusions about the meanings of those papers. When doing research for your review, here is a list of questions to consider as you read through articles to potentially include: 29. Bertamini M, Munafò MR (2012) Bite-size science and its undesired side effects. Perspect Psychol Sci 7. 67–71 doi:10.1177/1745691611429353 [PubMed ] 18. Wagner CS, Roessner JD, Bobb K, Klein JT, Boyack KW, et al. (2011) Approaches to understanding and measuring interdisciplinary scientific research (IDR): a review of the literature. J Informetr 5. 14–26 doi:10.1016/j.joi.2010.06.004 a well-defined issue (otherwise you could potentially include thousands of publications, which would make the review unhelpful). 8. Maier HR (2013) What constitutes a good literature review and why does its quality matter? Environ Model Softw 43. 3–4 doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.02.004 How can you organize the flow of the main body of the review so that the reader will be drawn into and guided through it? It is generally helpful to draw a conceptual scheme of the review check your english essay, e.g. with mind-mapping techniques. Such diagrams can help recognize a logical way to order and link the various sections of a review [21]. This is the case not just at the writing stage, but also for readers if the diagram is included in the review as a figure. A careful selection of diagrams and figures relevant to the reviewed topic can be very helpful to structure the text too [22] . 5. Ketcham CM, Crawford JM (2007) The impact of review articles. Lab Invest 87. 1174–1185 doi:10.1038/labinvest.3700688 [PubMed ] While focus is an important feature of a successful review dissertation bibliography and references, this requirement has to be balanced with the need to make the review relevant to a broad audience. This square may be circled by discussing the wider implications of the reviewed topic for other disciplines. keep a list of papers whose pdfs you cannot access immediately (so as to retrieve them later with alternative strategies), 14. Cook DA, West CP (2012) Conducting systematic reviews in medical education: a stepwise approach. Med Educ 46. 943–952 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04328.x [PubMed ] interesting to you (ideally good persuasive essays topics, you should have come across a series of recent papers related to your line of work that call for a critical summary), 32. Tsafnat G well written business report, Dunn A, Glasziou P, Coiera E (2013) The automation of systematic reviews. BMJ 346. f139 doi:10.1136/bmj.f139 [PubMed ] Reviewing the literature requires the ability to juggle multiple tasks, from finding and evaluating relevant material to synthesising information from various sources, from critical thinking to paraphrasing, evaluating, and citation skills [7]. In this contribution, I share ten simple rules I learned working on about 25 literature reviews as a PhD and postdoctoral student. Ideas and insights also come from discussions with coauthors and colleagues, as well as feedback from reviewers and editors. The chances are high that someone will already have published a literature review ( Figure 1 ), if not exactly on the issue you are planning to tackle, at least on a related topic. If there are already a few or several reviews of the literature on your issue, my advice is not to give up, but to carry on with your own literature review, 17. Hart C (1998) Doing a literature review: releasing the social science research imagination. London: SAGE. Reviewing the literature is not stamp collecting. A good review does not just summarize the literature free examples essay papers, but discusses it critically, identifies methodological problems, and points out research gaps [19]. After having read a review of the literature team projects, a reader should have a rough idea of: Like a well-baked cake, a good review has a number of telling features: it is worth the reader's time, timely essay topics about school, systematic essays about technology bad or good, well written, focused, and critical. It also needs a good structure. With reviews, the usual subdivision of research papers into introduction, methods, results, and discussion does not work or is rarely used. However, a general introduction of the context and essay on creativity, toward the end, a recapitulation of the main points covered and take-home messages make sense also in the case of reviews. For systematic reviews, there is a trend towards including information about how the literature was searched (database, keywords, time limits) [20] . the major achievements in the reviewed field, If you read the papers first, and only afterwards start writing the review, you will need a very good memory to remember who wrote what, and what your impressions and associations were while reading each single paper. My advice is, while reading, to start writing down interesting pieces of information paper writing paper writing paper writing, insights about how to organize the review, and thoughts on what to write. This way, by the time you have read the literature you selected, you will already have a rough draft of the review. 13. Rosenfeld RM (1996) How to systematically review the medical literature. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 115. 53–63 doi:10.1016/S0194-5998(96)70137-7 [PubMed ] Inevitably, new papers on the reviewed topic (including independently written literature reviews) will appear from all quarters after the review has been published, so that there may soon be the need for an updated review. But this is the nature of science [27] –[32]. I wish everybody good luck with writing a review of the literature. 33. Pautasso M, Döring TF, Garbelotto M, Pellis L, Jeger MJ (2012) Impacts of climate change on plant diseases - opinions and trends. Eur J Plant Pathol 133. 295–313 doi:10.1007/s10658-012-9936-1 This work was funded by the French Foundation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB) through its Centre for Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity data (CESAB), as part of the NETSEED research project. The funders had no role in the preparation of the manuscript. When starting from scratch, reviewing the literature can require a titanic amount of work. That is why researchers who have spent their career working on a certain research issue are in a perfect position to review that literature. Some graduate schools are now offering courses in reviewing the literature, given that most research students start their project by producing an overview of what has already been done on their research issue [6]. However, it is likely that most scientists have not thought in detail about how to approach and carry out a literature review. 24. May RM (2011) Science as organized scepticism. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 369. 4685–4689 doi:10.1098/rsta.2011.0177 [PubMed ] 23. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH (1988) Guidelines for reading literature reviews. CMAJ 138. 697–703. [PMC free article ] [PubMed ] Your Assignment. To help prepare you to read reviews for pretty much the rest of your medical career AND prepare the introduction to your thesis (not the publishable version!) free professional resume writing services, you will write a review paper covering the topics implied by the research question in your thesis. There are two approaches to this assignment. First, you can write the review with eventual publication (or some other use) in mind. Students in this class have published their reviews (not many, but it does happen) and their work has been used by their labs as part of the groundwork for new students. In at least one instance, the PI was so impressed with the review that the student was asked to draft the intro to the publishable version based on the work.
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